NetChoice, LLC v. Jonathan Skrmetti -Middle District of Tennessee at Nashville

Circuit 6Aug 28, 2026

Split Score

SplitScore: 37/100

Case Summary

Disposition

Vacated

The Sixth Circuit vacated the district court’s denial of NetChoice’s request for a preliminary injunction against Tennessee’s Protecting Children from Social Media Act. The panel held that the district court abused its discretion by finding no irreparable harm; unrecoverable compliance costs and the likely loss of First Amendment freedoms satisfy the irreparable-injury requirement, so the lower court must reconsider the remaining injunction factors on remand.

View Full Opinion Document (PDF)

Circuit Split Identified

Legal Issue

Whether non-recoverable statutory or regulatory compliance costs, standing alone, constitute "irreparable harm" for purposes of obtaining a preliminary injunction.

Circuit Positions

Circuit 6(this circuit)

Unrecoverable compliance costs almost always qualify as irreparable harm and must be weighed in the preliminary-injunction calculus.

Circuit 2Circuit 3Circuit 7

Compliance costs do not, by themselves, constitute irreparable harm absent additional extraordinary circumstances.

Conflict Summary

The Sixth Circuit holds that any non-recoverable compliance costs automatically satisfy the irreparable-harm prong of the preliminary-injunction test, whereas the Second, Third, and Seventh Circuits have held that ordinary compliance costs normally do NOT amount to irreparable harm because such costs commonly accompany new regulations.

Parties & Counsel

Parties

Appellant:NetChoice, LLC
Appellee:Jonathan Thomas Skrmetti, in his official capacity as the Tennessee Attorney General & Reporter

Legal Counsel

Appellant:Erin E. Murphy, CLEMENT & MURPHY, PLLC
Appellee:J. Matthew Rice, OFFICE OF THE TENNESSEE ATTORNEY GENERAL & REPORTER