US v. David Minkkinen

Circuit 4Feb 26, 2026

Split Score

SplitScore: 33/100

Case Summary

Disposition

Reversed

The Fourth Circuit reversed the district court’s dismissal of ten counts against former Deloitte employees accused of trade-secret theft and fraud. The panel held that although the six-year pre-indictment delay may have prejudiced the defendants, it resulted from a good-faith, complex investigation and therefore did not violate the Fifth Amendment Due Process Clause.

View Full Opinion Document (PDF)

Circuit Split Identified

Legal Issue

Whether a defendant alleging unconstitutional pre-indictment delay must prove that the Government intentionally delayed the indictment to gain a tactical advantage (bad-faith/intent requirement).

Circuit Positions

Circuit 4(this circuit)

No intent/bad-faith requirement – defendant need only show actual, substantial prejudice; court then balances against the Government’s reasons.

Circuit 1

Defendant must show the Government intentionally delayed the indictment to obtain a tactical advantage or acted in bad faith, in addition to showing prejudice.

Conflict Summary

The Fourth Circuit holds that a defendant need not show that the Government intentionally or in bad faith delayed the indictment; actual, substantial prejudice alone satisfies the first prong before the court balances the Government’s reasons. By contrast, the First Circuit (and "most circuits," according to the opinion) require the defendant to prove that the Government intentionally delayed the indictment for tactical advantage or other bad-faith motives in addition to showing prejudice.

Parties & Counsel

Parties

Appellant:United States of America
Appellee:David Gerald Minkkinen; Sivaraman Sambasivam

Legal Counsel

Appellant:Jennifer Rada Herrald, Office of the United States Attorney, Charleston, WV (with William S. Thompson, U.S. Attorney, on brief)
Appellee:Stephen S. Stallings, Law Offices of Stephen S. Stallings, Esq.; Rabea J. Zayed & Nicole Engisch, Dorsey & Whitney LLP; Susan M. Robinson, Thomas Combs & Spann, PLLC; Michael Edward Nogay, Sellitti, Nogay & Nogay, PLLC