Paulina Perez v. Todd Blanche

Circuit 8Sep 2, 2026

Split Score

SplitScore: 53/100

Case Summary

Disposition

Dismissed

The Eighth Circuit dismissed Paulina Sebastian-Perez’s petition for review of an immigration judge’s decision affirming an asylum officer’s negative reasonable-fear finding. The court held it lacked jurisdiction because the decision is not a final order of removal, explicitly rejecting the Third Circuit’s contrary view and aligning with the Ninth and Eleventh Circuits.

View Full Opinion Document (PDF)

Circuit Split Identified

Legal Issue

Whether a court of appeals has jurisdiction under 8 U.S.C. § 1252 to review an immigration judge’s standalone decision affirming an asylum officer’s negative reasonable-fear determination when no final order of removal is before the court.

Circuit Positions

Circuit 8(this circuit)Circuit 9Circuit 11

Courts of appeals lack jurisdiction to review standalone negative reasonable-fear determinations because they are not final orders of removal.

Circuit 3

Courts of appeals have jurisdiction to review standalone negative reasonable-fear determinations.

Conflict Summary

The Eighth, Ninth, and Eleventh Circuits hold that a negative reasonable-fear determination is not a “final order of removal,” so the courts of appeals lack jurisdiction to review it absent a petition challenging the underlying removal order. The Third Circuit, by contrast, holds that courts of appeals do possess jurisdiction to review such decisions directly.

Parties & Counsel

Parties

Appellant:Paulina Sebastian-Perez
Appellee:Todd Blanche, Attorney General of the United States