Fischer, et al. v. XTO Energy, et al.

Circuit 10Aug 28, 2026

Split Score

SplitScore: 54/100

Case Summary

Disposition

Dismissed

The Fischers appealed a district court post-judgment order that required them either to show cause for violating an injunction or to cease their state-court royalty claims. The Tenth Circuit held that because the order contained no contempt finding or sanction, it was not a final appealable decision under § 1291, nor did it qualify for review under the collateral-order doctrine or § 1292(a)(1), and therefore the appeal was dismissed for lack of jurisdiction.

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Circuit Split Identified

Legal Issue

Whether a post-judgment civil-contempt show-cause order that lacks both a contempt finding and a specific, unavoidable sanction is a final, appealable order under 28 U.S.C. § 1291.

Circuit Positions

Circuit 2Circuit 5Circuit 7Circuit 8Circuit 9Circuit 10(this circuit)

A show-cause order is not a final decision unless the district court (1) formally finds contempt and (2) imposes a specific, unavoidable sanction; appeals are premature absent these elements.

Circuit 3

A post-judgment order warning that future conduct would constitute contempt can be treated as an appealable declaratory judgment even without an actual contempt finding or sanction.

Conflict Summary

The majority of circuits hold that such orders are not final for purposes of § 1291 and are therefore unappealable until the district court enters a contempt finding and imposes a definite sanction. The Third Circuit, however, has allowed immediate appeals from similar orders, treating them as de facto declaratory judgments that may be reviewed without a contempt finding or sanction.

Parties & Counsel

Parties

Appellant:Fred A. Fischer and Roger A. Fischer
Appellee:XTO Energy, Inc. (with Exxon Mobil Corporation and ExxonMobil Oil Corporation as movants-appellees)

Legal Counsel

Appellant:Sharp Law, LLP (Ryan C. Hudson; Rex A. Sharp; Scott B. Goodger; Hammons P. Hepner)
Appellee:Norton Rose Fulbright US LLP; Crowe & Dunlevy, P.C.; McGinnis Lochridge