Guerrero Orellana v. Moniz

Circuit 1Aug 13, 2026

Split Score

SplitScore: 83/100

Case Summary

Disposition

Affirmed

The First Circuit considered whether non-citizens who entered the United States without inspection must be detained under 8 U.S.C. § 1225(b)(2)(A) without bond or under § 1226(a) with the possibility of a bond hearing. Concluding that such individuals are not ‘seeking admission’ for purposes of § 1225(b)(2)(A), the court held that § 1226(a) applies and affirmed the district court’s order requiring the government to offer bond hearings or release the class representative, José Arnulfo Guerrero Orellana.

View Full Opinion Document (PDF)

Circuit Split Identified

Legal Issue

Whether non-citizens who entered the United States without inspection are subject to mandatory detention without bond under 8 U.S.C. § 1225(b)(2)(A) or to discretionary detention with the possibility of bond under 8 U.S.C. § 1226(a).

Circuit Positions

Circuit 1(this circuit)Circuit 2Circuit 6Circuit 7Circuit 9Circuit 10Circuit 11

§ 1226(a) governs interior entrants without inspection; they are eligible for bond (mandatory detention under § 1225(b)(2)(A) does not apply).

Circuit 5Circuit 8

§ 1225(b)(2)(A) governs all aliens deemed ‘applicants for admission,’ including interior entrants without inspection; detention is mandatory and no bond is available.

Conflict Summary

Several circuits interpret the phrase “applicant for admission” in § 1225(b)(2)(A) (together with the ‘seeking admission’ clause) as limited to aliens arriving at the border, thus placing aliens already inside the country who entered unlawfully under § 1226(a) and making them eligible for bond hearings. Two circuits read § 1225(b)(2)(A) to cover all aliens deemed ‘applicants for admission,’ including those present in the interior without admission, thereby requiring their mandatory, no-bond detention.

Parties & Counsel

Parties

Appellant:Antone Moniz, Superintendent, Plymouth County Correctional Facility, et al. (U.S. DHS/ICE officials)
Appellee:José Arnulfo Guerrero Orellana

Legal Counsel

Appellant:John Bailey, Brett A. Shumate, Yaakov M. Roth, Drew C. Ensign, Benjamin Hayes, August Flentje, Katherine J. Shinners, Laurie Wiesner – U.S. Department of Justice, Civil Division
Appellee:Adriana Lafaille, Jessie J. Rossman, Daniel L. McFadden, Julian Bava – ACLU of Massachusetts; Michael K.T. Tan, My Khanh Ngo, Oscar Sarabia Roman, Judy Rabinovitz, Natalie Behr – ACLU Foundation; plus associated pro bono counsel