Lizbeyde Piedra v. Todd Blanche

Circuit 4Aug 24, 2026

Split Score

SplitScore: 83/100

Case Summary

Disposition

Reversed in Part

The Fourth Circuit vacated in part the Board of Immigration Appeals’ order that deemed Lizbeyde Yanez Piedra inadmissible based on a state marijuana conviction that was later vacated. Rejecting the BIA’s Pickering framework, the court held that once a conviction is vacated it no longer renders an alien "convicted of" the offense under 8 U.S.C. § 1182(a)(2)(A)(i), but it upheld the agency’s voluntary-departure regulations.

View Full Opinion Document (PDF)

Circuit Split Identified

Legal Issue

Whether a state criminal conviction that has been vacated continues to qualify as a "conviction" for purposes of inadmissibility under 8 U.S.C. § 1182(a)(2)(A)(i).

Circuit Positions

Circuit 1Circuit 2Circuit 3Circuit 6Circuit 7Circuit 8Circuit 9Circuit 10

Apply Pickering: vacated conviction still counts unless vacatur was for substantive/procedural defect

Circuit 5

All vacated convictions continue to count for immigration purposes

Circuit 4(this circuit)

No vacated conviction counts; vacatur wipes out conviction for § 1182(a)(2)(A)(i)

Conflict Summary

Most circuits apply or defer to the BIA’s Pickering framework, under which a vacated conviction remains a conviction for immigration purposes unless it was vacated on substantive or procedural grounds. The Fifth Circuit has held that all vacated convictions remain convictions under the INA, while the Fourth Circuit in this opinion holds that no vacated conviction can establish inadmissibility because a vacated judgment is void ab initio.

Parties & Counsel

Parties

Appellant:Lizbeyde Yanez Piedra
Appellee:Todd Blanche, Attorney General

Legal Counsel

Appellant:Immigrant & Refugee Appellate Center, LLC; Law Office of Allison Lukanich
Appellee:United States Department of Justice, Office of Immigration Litigation, Civil Division