Rivera-Perez v. Stover

Circuit 2Mar 26, 2026

Split Score

SplitScore: 64/100

Case Summary

Disposition

Vacated

The Second Circuit held that First Step Act earned-time credits cannot be used to shorten a prisoner’s term of supervised release but only to accelerate the start of prerelease custody or supervised release. Because Rivera-Perez had already been transferred to a residential re-entry center and received all credit-related relief available, his § 2241 petition was moot. The court therefore vacated the district court’s judgment and remanded with instructions to dismiss the case.

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Circuit Split Identified

Legal Issue

Whether earned-time credits under the First Step Act, 18 U.S.C. § 3632(d)(4)(C), may be applied to reduce the length of a federal prisoner’s term of supervised release (as opposed to merely advancing the prisoner's transfer from incarceration to prerelease custody or supervised release).

Circuit Positions

Circuit 2(this circuit)Circuit 4Circuit 5Circuit 6Circuit 11

FSA time credits may only be used to advance the date a prisoner enters prerelease custody or begins supervised release; they cannot reduce the supervised-release term.

Circuit 9

FSA time credits may be applied to reduce the length of a prisoner’s supervised-release term.

Conflict Summary

The Second, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Eleventh Circuits hold that FSA time credits can only be used to start prerelease custody or supervised release earlier and cannot shorten the supervised-release term itself. The Ninth Circuit holds that FSA credits may be applied to reduce the amount of time the prisoner must spend on supervised release.

Parties & Counsel

Parties

Appellant:Rick Stover, Warden
Appellee:Raul Rivera-Perez

Legal Counsel

Appellant:Assistant U.S. Attorneys J. Brian Meskill and Sandra S. Glover, Office of the U.S. Attorney for the District of Connecticut
Appellee:Charles F. Willson, Assistant Federal Defender, Federal Defender Office, District of Connecticut