Anthony McClendon El v. Heidi Washington

6th CircuitJul 21, 2025

Split Score

SplitScore: 66/100

Case Summary

Disposition

Affirmed

The Sixth Circuit held that a Michigan prisoner convicted of third-degree criminal sexual conduct has no protected liberty interest in avoiding a recommended sex-offender treatment program or in receiving parole under Michigan’s discretionary parole system. Because he failed to identify any cognizable liberty interest, his Fourteenth Amendment due-process claim was properly dismissed, and the district court’s judgment was affirmed.

Circuit Split Identified

Legal Issue

Whether a prisoner who has NOT been convicted of a sex offense nonetheless possesses a liberty interest (protected by the Fourteenth Amendment) in avoiding mandatory participation in a sex-offender treatment program when completion of the program is imposed as a condition of parole under a discretionary parole regime.

Circuit Positions

7th Circuit

No liberty interest exists in avoiding a sex-offender program requirement under a discretionary parole regime, regardless of whether the inmate has a prior sex-offense conviction.

5th Circuit9th Circuit10th Circuit11th Circuit

Inmates who have never been convicted of a sex offense possess a liberty interest that requires due process before they may be compelled to enter a sex-offender program as a condition of parole or another benefit.

6th Circuit(this circuit)

Declines to decide the issue; finds it unnecessary to resolve the split in the present case involving an inmate previously convicted of a sex offense.

Conflict Summary

The Seventh Circuit holds that, in a discretionary parole system, no protected liberty interest exists in avoiding a sex-offender program requirement, even for inmates never convicted of a sex offense. In contrast, the Fifth, Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Circuits recognize that inmates without a sex-offense conviction do have a constitutionally rooted liberty interest that entitles them to due-process protections before being compelled to enter such a program. The Sixth Circuit, in this opinion, expressly declines to decide the question.

Parties & Counsel

Parties

Appellant:Anthony McClendon El
Appellee:Heidi E. Washington, Warden, et al.

Legal Counsel

Appellant:Frank J. Lawrence, Law Office of Frank Lawrence
Appellee:Joshua S. Smith, Office of the Michigan Attorney General

Opinion Document