South Carolina State Conference of the NAACP v. South Carolina Department of Juvenile Justice

Circuit 4Jan 29, 2026

Split Score

SplitScore: 60/100

Case Summary

Disposition

Affirmed

Advocacy groups challenged allegedly unconstitutional conditions in South Carolina juvenile-justice facilities. The Fourth Circuit, in a 2-1 decision, held the organizations themselves lacked Article III standing and affirmed dismissal of the suit without prejudice.

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Circuit Split Identified

Legal Issue

Whether state Protection-and-Advocacy (P&A) organizations created under the PAIMI Act possess associational standing to sue on behalf of their statutory constituents despite lacking traditional members.

Circuit Positions

Circuit 4(this circuit)Circuit 5Circuit 8

P&A systems do NOT have associational standing absent traditional indicia of membership; Hunt not satisfied.

Circuit 9Circuit 11

P&A systems DO have associational standing under a functional application of Hunt’s indicia-of-membership test.

Conflict Summary

The Fifth, Eighth, and now Fourth Circuits hold that P&A systems do not satisfy Hunt’s ‘indicia of membership’ test and therefore lack associational standing, whereas the Ninth and Eleventh Circuits conclude that P&A systems functionally satisfy Hunt and may sue on behalf of their constituents.

Parties & Counsel

Parties

Appellant:South Carolina State Conference of the NAACP; Disability Rights South Carolina; Justice 360
Appellee:South Carolina Department of Juvenile Justice; Eden Hendrick (official capacity)

Legal Counsel

Appellant:Jenner & Block LLP (lead); ACLU of South Carolina; Wyche, P.A.; NAACP Legal Department
Appellee:Robinson Gray Stepp & Laffitte, LLC; Office of the Governor of South Carolina