Gregory Hartmann v. Brian Chudzik

Circuit 3Jul 31, 2026

Split Score

SplitScore: 73/100

Case Summary

Disposition

Affirmed in Part

Pre-trial detainees in Lancaster County sued state magistrates, the county, and the prison warden alleging that bail was set without considering their ability to pay and without counsel present. The Third Circuit held that Younger abstention does not bar federal review of their Equal Protection and Due Process claims, vacating the district court’s abstention order and remanding, but it affirmed dismissal of the plaintiffs’ Sixth Amendment right-to-counsel claim at preliminary arraignments.

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Circuit Split Identified

Legal Issue

Whether Younger abstention bars federal courts from hearing constitutional challenges to state bail-setting procedures for pre-trial detainees.

Circuit Positions

Circuit 3(this circuit)Circuit 9Circuit 11

Younger abstention does NOT apply to federal constitutional challenges to state bail-setting procedures; federal jurisdiction may be exercised.

Circuit 2Circuit 5

Younger abstention DOES apply; federal courts must abstain from hearing such challenges.

Conflict Summary

The Third, Ninth and Eleventh Circuits hold that federal suits challenging state bail procedures do not fall within the categories that trigger mandatory Younger abstention, so federal courts may hear such claims. By contrast, the Fifth Circuit (en banc) and the Second Circuit require federal courts to abstain under Younger when the requested relief would affect ongoing state bail determinations.

Parties & Counsel

Parties

Appellant:Gregory Hartmann et al. (class plaintiffs)
Appellee:Hon. Brian E. Chudzik, Hon. Edwin Tobin, Hon. Miles Bixler, Hon. Andrew Lefever, Lancaster County, and the Warden of the Lancaster County Prison

Legal Counsel

Appellant:Dechert LLP; American Civil Liberties Union of Pennsylvania
Appellee:Administrative Office of Pennsylvania Courts; MacMain Leinhauser