T. E. v. Anthem Blue Cross Blue Shield -Western District of Kentucky at Louisville

Circuit 6Jan 22, 2026

Split Score

SplitScore: 48/100

Case Summary

Disposition

Affirmed in Part

The Sixth Circuit held that Anthem acted arbitrarily and capriciously under ERISA when it stopped paying for a minor’s residential mental-health treatment after initially approving 21 days, because Anthem ignored treating-clinician evidence, cherry-picked records, and offered scant, shifting rationales. The court vacated the district court’s judgment on the ERISA claim and ordered a remand to Anthem for a full and fair review, but affirmed the dismissal of the Mental Health Parity Act claim for lack of evidentiary support.

View Full Opinion Document (PDF)

Circuit Split Identified

Legal Issue

Whether a court reviewing an ERISA benefits denial under the arbitrary-and-capricious standard must confine its review to the reasons given in the plan administrator’s denial letters or may also consider internal notes and reviewer reports that were not disclosed to the claimant.

Circuit Positions

Circuit 1Circuit 10

Judicial review is limited to the explanations contained in the administrator’s denial letters.

Circuit 6(this circuit)

Question unresolved; court assumed review could include internal materials without deciding the legal issue.

Conflict Summary

The First and Tenth Circuits limit judicial review to the rationales articulated in the plan administrator’s denial letters, while the Sixth Circuit has expressly left the question open; in this opinion it considered internal materials but stated it “need not resolve” the scope-of-review question, thereby acknowledging – but not joining – the restrictive approach adopted by other circuits.

Parties & Counsel

Parties

Appellant:T. E., individually and on behalf of C. E.
Appellee:Anthem Blue Cross and Blue Shield (joined by Stoll Keenon Ogden PLLC and Stoll Keenon Ogden PLLC Benefit Plan)

Legal Counsel

Appellant:Brian S. King, BRIAN S. KING P.C., Salt Lake City, Utah
Appellee:Miles R. Harrison, Jason P. Renzelmann, Miranda M. Ronnow, FROST BROWN TODD LLP (for Anthem); Donald P. Sullivan, JACKSON LEWIS P.C. (for Stoll Keenon Ogden defendants)