USA v. Erik Harris

3rd CircuitJul 14, 2025

Split Score

SplitScore: 56/100

Case Summary

Disposition

Affirmed in Part

Harris, a frequent marijuana user, was convicted under 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(3) for possessing three handguns and under § 922(a)(6) for lying about his drug use on firearms-purchase forms. The Third Circuit held that, in light of historical analogues disarming dangerous drunks and the mentally ill, § 922(g)(3) can constitutionally disarm illegal drug users who are found to pose a concrete risk of violence, but remanded because the record lacked factual findings on whether Harris actually presents such a danger. It affirmed his false-statement convictions and rejected his vagueness challenge, but vacated the § 922(g)(3) counts and remanded for further fact-finding.

Circuit Split Identified

Legal Issue

Whether 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(3) may constitutionally bar habitual marijuana users from possessing firearms after N.Y. State Rifle & Pistol Ass’n v. Bruen.

Circuit Positions

3rd Circuit(this circuit)

§ 922(g)(3) is constitutional when applied to drug users who, after individualized fact-finding, are found to pose a credible physical danger while armed.

5th Circuit

§ 922(g)(3) is unconstitutional as applied to ordinary marijuana users because the Government failed to identify a sufficiently close historical analogue.

Conflict Summary

The Third Circuit upholds § 922(g)(3) in principle—allowing disarmament of drug users only when an individualized finding shows they are likely to endanger others if armed—whereas the Fifth Circuit has held the provision unconstitutional as applied to an ordinary, non-violent marijuana user, concluding that history provides no analogue for such a ban.

Parties & Counsel

Parties

Appellant:Erik Matthew Harris
Appellee:United States of America

Legal Counsel

Appellant:Renee Pietropaolo, Federal Public Defender’s Office (Pittsburgh, PA)
Appellee:Laura S. Irwin, U.S. Attorney’s Office (W.D. Pa.); Andrew C. Noll, U.S. Department of Justice, Criminal Division, Appellate Section

Opinion Document