Porter Smith v. MDOC -Eastern District of Michigan at Detroit

Circuit 6Nov 21, 2025

Split Score

SplitScore: 85/100

Case Summary

Disposition

Affirmed

In a precedential opinion, the Sixth Circuit held that § 504 of the Rehabilitation Act does not itself create a private right of action for retaliation, concluding that the statute’s cross-reference to the ADA imports only adjudicatory standards, not new claims. Because no retaliation cause of action exists, the court affirmed the district court’s judgment against Porter Smith and also affirmed summary judgment on his failure-to-accommodate claim.

View Full Opinion Document (PDF)

Circuit Split Identified

Legal Issue

Whether § 504 of the Rehabilitation Act provides a private cause of action for retaliation against employees who oppose disability discrimination or request accommodations.

Circuit Positions

Circuit 1Circuit 2Circuit 3Circuit 4Circuit 5Circuit 7Circuit 8Circuit 9Circuit 10Circuit 11DC Circuit

§ 504 authorizes a private cause of action for retaliation, imported through § 504(d)’s incorporation of ADA § 12203.

Circuit 6(this circuit)

§ 504 contains no private cause of action for retaliation; the ADA’s retaliation provision does not apply.

Conflict Summary

The Sixth Circuit held that § 504 does not itself create a private retaliation claim, rejecting decades of precedent from other circuits that recognize such a cause of action by reading § 504(d) to incorporate the ADA’s anti-retaliation provision. Thus, other circuits permit Rehabilitation Act retaliation suits, while the Sixth Circuit now bars them absent explicit statutory language.

Parties & Counsel

Parties

Appellant:Porter Smith
Appellee:Michigan Department of Corrections; State of Michigan

Legal Counsel

Appellant:James B. Rasor, Amanda G. Washburn – Rasor Law Firm PLLC
Appellee:Kendell S. Asbenson – Office of the Michigan Attorney General