United States v. Hector Benavidez

Circuit 8Sep 1, 2026

Split Score

SplitScore: 43/100

Case Summary

Disposition

Reversed

The Eighth Circuit held that a prior conviction for robbery under Texas Penal Code § 29.02 does not constitute a “crime of violence” under USSG § 4B1.2. Because the district court classified the conviction as a crime of violence and enhanced Hector Benavidez’s sentence, the appellate court reversed and remanded for resentencing.

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Circuit Split Identified

Legal Issue

Whether robbery under Texas Penal Code § 29.02 qualifies as a “crime of violence” under USSG § 4B1.2(a).

Circuit Positions

Circuit 5

Texas robbery under § 29.02 is a crime of violence under USSG § 4B1.2.

Circuit 8(this circuit)

Texas robbery under § 29.02 is NOT a crime of violence under USSG § 4B1.2.

Conflict Summary

The Fifth Circuit has concluded that Texas robbery categorically matches the Guidelines’ definition of robbery and therefore is a crime of violence, while the Eighth Circuit finds Texas robbery broader—because it may be committed recklessly and encompasses injuries merely ‘in the course of’ a theft—and thus not a crime of violence.

Parties & Counsel

Parties

Appellant:Hector Benavidez
Appellee:United States of America