Berkley Regional Ins. Co. v. Amazon.com, Inc.

Circuit 8Apr 27, 2026

Split Score

SplitScore: 51/100

Case Summary

Disposition

Certified Question

The Eighth Circuit considered whether Amazon can be held strictly liable under Minnesota products-liability law for a defective third-party battery it listed, stored, and shipped through its Fulfillment by Amazon program. Rather than predict state law, the court certified the dispositive question to the Minnesota Supreme Court and stayed the appeal.

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Circuit Split Identified

Legal Issue

Whether Amazon, acting as an online marketplace that lists and fulfills orders for third-party products, qualifies as a "seller" or "distributor" subject to strict products liability.

Circuit Positions

Circuit 5

Amazon qualifies as a seller/distributor and can be held strictly liable for third-party products fulfilled through its platform.

Circuit 4

Amazon is not a seller/distributor and therefore is not strictly liable for third-party products sold through its platform.

Circuit 8(this circuit)

Declines to decide and certifies the strict-liability question to the state supreme court.

Conflict Summary

Courts are divided over Amazon’s status in the chain of distribution. Some circuits treat Amazon as a seller/distributor and impose strict liability for defective third-party goods, while others conclude Amazon is merely a service provider and not strictly liable. The Eighth Circuit in this case declined to choose either substantive view and instead certified the question to the state’s highest court.

Parties & Counsel

Parties

Appellant:Berkley Regional Insurance Company, as subrogee of Schnoeckers, Inc., doing business as BI Worldwide, doing business as Berkley Technology Underwriters
Appellee:Amazon.com, Inc.